Numerical methods for 3-D electromagnetic scattering: assessment and comparison

The capabilities and limitations of algorithms that have been developed for the integral and differential mathematical models of electromagnetic scattering are assessed. These algorithms allow a more efficient use of available computer resources. In particular, two models have been investigated. The first applies the integral formulation, and represents an overconstrained version of the method of moments. The second applies the differential formulation, and is an implementation of the FDTD (finite-difference-time-domain) method, based on a forward scheme that allows a step-by-step procedure