Notice of RetractionStudy of moral hazard management in accounting intermediary organizations

Notice of Retraction

After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE´s Publication Principles.

We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper.

The presenting author of this paper has the option to appeal this decision by contacting TPII@ieee.org.

Moral hazard is an unavoidable pessimistic proposition for the CPA industry. As China is currently in the midst of a grand social transformation, which extends to cultural, societal and economical facets of the country, the considerable uncertainty coming together with this grand transformation leads to marginal benefit of being moral and ethical, which in turn makes the social members´ opportunistic choice a rational behavior. In the CPA industry, such problems as excessive competition, lack of shared beliefs between both sides of contract, and the unenforced social constraints opened a Pandora´s Box. Therefore, establishing a healthy competition order, cultivating common beliefs and reconstructing social constraints should be the natural connotations for the moral hazard management of the CPA industry.