Notice of RetractionThe negative effect of seller´s technology monopoly on buyer´s countervailing power: Using China´s PV industry as a case study

Notice of Retraction

After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE´s Publication Principles.

We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper.

The presenting author of this paper has the option to appeal this decision by contacting TPII@ieee.org.

Firm size has been recognized by the academia as an important source of countervailing power of buyers. This research, however, shows the advantage mentioned is going to be impaired if the incumbent seller employs a technology monopoly strategy. Also, the conclusion is used to explain why the raw materials used by China´s photovoltaic industry are highly depending on import.