Robust Software Watermarking Scheme Based on Obfuscated Interpretation

A robust software watermarking scheme under which the watermark can resist against various attacks including collusion attacks is proposed based on obfuscated interpretation. The obfuscated interpretation technique can not only hide the functionality of a given program, but also provide an alternative simple way to modify the code. Thus in the proposed scheme translation rules defined in obfuscated interpretation are used for code substitution, and a watermark encoded by error-correcting coding is embedded during the translation procedure of obfuscated interpretation. A series of experimental results show that the proposed watermark can resist against automatic attacks that modify the program code. Moreover due to the randomness introduced in the program translation, the watermark is robust to collusion attacks as well.