A deterministic approach for 2D-DOA estimation based on a V-shaped array and a virtual array concept

The problem of estimating both the azimuth and elevation angles associated with narrow band plane waves using antenna arrays is comprehensively studied by many researchers. Various array structures have been investigated; however, L-shaped arrays that consist of two independent uniform linear arrays at right angle to each other are proved to be the simplest structure. Pair-matching between the estimated directions by each ULA represents the main challenging problem. In this paper, a 2D-array with a V-shape structure, which is suitable for 120 degrees sectorized cellular systems, is proposed. A completely deterministic approach for solving the pair-matching problem based on a virtual array concept is presented.