Performance study of traffic balancing via antenna-tilting in CDMA cellular systems

CDMA cellular networks are very promising to provide more capacity than the AMPS system. However, heterogeneous traffic loading will cause traffic congestion in hot-spots with the CDMA system. In this paper, the tilted antenna mechanism for sectored cells in CDMA cellular networks is provided to relieve congestion in the hot-spot sector. The proposed mechanism which tilts the hot-spot antenna can meet the blocking probability of the hot-spot sectors and the adjacent sectors below 1%. Besides congestion relief for the hot-spot, another benefit is the traffic balancing effect with a tilted antenna mechanism that will reduce the transceivers of the hot-spot base station so that one need not provide more extra facilities for hot-spots than for normal or light traffic sectors