Title :
Early research on muscle sounds
Author_Institution :
Lab. of Work Physiol., Brooklyn Coll., NY, USA
Abstract :
Summary form only given. A survey of research on muscle sounds is presented, beginning with experiments dating back to 1665 and covering research through the 1900s. The early belief was that muscle sounds were due to the movement of animal spirits. W.H. Wollaston (1810) attributed muscle sounds to repetitions within the muscle mass of small contractions. According to H. Helmholtz (1867), the muscle sounds consist of almost periodic vibrations. Research in the 1800s on sounds produced by facial muscles is discussed
Keywords :
bioacoustics; history; muscle; reviews; almost periodic vibrations; animal spirits movement; facial muscles; small muscular contractions; Animals; Bones; Continuing education; Contracts; Facial muscles; Laboratories; Physiology; Springs; Steel; Winches;
Conference_Titel :
Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 1989. Images of the Twenty-First Century., Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in
Conference_Location :
Seattle, WA
DOI :
10.1109/IEMBS.1989.96074
