Partially-Sparse Restricted Boltzmann Machine for Background Modeling and Subtraction

Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) has been successfully applied to unsupervised learning and intensity modeling of images. In this paper, we cast background subtraction as an image recovery and foreground residual estimation problem within the RBM hierarchy. We propose a partially-sparse RBM (PS-RBM) framework which models the image as the integration of the trained RBM weights where the weights are learnt from partially sparse and controlled redundancy network structure. The PS-RBM helps provide accurate background modeling even in dynamic and noisy environments. Experiments also validate the effectiveness of the proposed method on a comprehensive benchmark database.