Cost-efficient routing with controlled node mobility in sensor networks

In this paper, an energy-efficient strategy is proposed for tracking a moving target in a mobile sensor network. The energy expenditure of the sensors in the network is assumed to be due to communication, sensing and movement. First, the target area is divided into a grid of sufficiently small rectangular cells in order to search for near optimal locations for the sensors in different time instants. The grid is then converted to a graph with properly weighted edges. A shortest-path algorithm is subsequently used to route information from target to destination by a subset of sensors.