Theory of measurement for voltage and affine variables

This paper examines some of the properties of affine (interval, ratio and difference) measurement. Necessary and sufficient conditions for affine measurement and the implications of these conditions are studied. In particular, in the absence of an absolute zero or an absolute unit, ratio scales and pairwise comparisons cannot be utilized to construct affine scales and, as a result, Saaty´s (1977) Analytic Hierarchy Process is invalidated. The measurement of variables such as voltage for which there are no models in the literature of measurement theory can be modeled within the framework constructed