Design and performance analysis of a dual-band microstrip patch antenna for Mobile WiMAX, WLAN, Wi-Fi and bluetooth applications

The design and performance analysis of a dual-band rectangular shaped microstrip patch antenna prototype designed on a Flame Retardant 4 (FR-4) substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.3 is presented in this paper. The proposed antenna with a compact area of 45×28 mm² has an operating bandwidth of about 180 MHz (frequency ranges 2.49-2.67 GHz) with resonant frequency at 2.57 GHz and Ultra-wideband (frequency ranges 4.75GHz-6.75GHz) with resonant frequency at 5.91 GHz. This antenna covers almost 90% of the Mobile WiMAX operating band (frequency range 2.5-2.7 GHz) and whole band of the Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NII) low band (frequency ranges 5.15-5.35 GHz), U-NII mid band (frequency range 5.47-5.725 GHz) and U-NII high band (frequency range 5.725-5.875 GHz) used for mobile WiMAX, Wireless LAN, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi operations. This antenna also covers the whole band of the IEEE802.11a band (frequency ranges 5.15-5.35 GHz) for Wireless LAN. The antenna has maximum gain of 5.783 dB and 3.783 dB for 2.5 GHz band and 5.8 GHz band respectively. The proposed antenna has minimum Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) of 0.0132 W/kg for 2.5 GHz band and 0.0817 W/kg for 5.8 GHz band averaged over 10g of tissue and also minimum value of 0.0193W/kg for 2.5 GHz band and 0.1075W/kg for 5.8 GHz band averaged over 1g of tissue which all are within the acceptable limit standardized by Federal Communication Commission (FCC). The proposed antenna is designed and simulated in the CST Microwave Studio 2011 software.