Output swarm stability for high-order linear swarm systems

Output swarm stability problems for high-order linear swarm systems with directed interaction topologies are investigated. Firstly, sufficient conditions for output swarm stability are presented, which are independent of the dimensions of Jordan blocks of the Laplacian matrix. Then, an approach is proposed to determine the absolute output motion. Moreover, it is shown that swarm systems with the same initial states but different balanced interaction topologies have the same absolute output motion. Finally, a simulation example is given to demonstrate theoretical results.