Time-Reversal Imaging Using One Transmitting Antenna Based on Independent Component Analysis

Time-reversal (TR) techniques have shown promising results for detection and localization of scatterers in multiple scattering environments. These techniques exploit the TR invariance of the wave equation. Most of TR applications require the analysis of the TR operator obtained from the MDM of a TR array. Eigenvalue decomposition of the TR operator forms the basis of techniques such as decomposition of the TR operator and TR multiple signal classification. In this letter, we have introduced a new approach that is based on the independent component analysis (ICA). The ICA takes advantage of the statistical independence of scattered signals from well-resolved scatterers and breaks the mixed received signal by each receiving antenna to independent components based on maximizing the non-Gaussianity of mixed signal components. Some preprocessing steps such as centering and whitening are also required. One advantage of the TR imaging based on ICA is that imaging and focusing can be achieved using only one transmitting antenna, which lowers the complexity of the implementation compared with other techniques.