Adaptive Fission Particle Filter for Seismic Random Noise Attenuation

Seismic signals are nonlinear, and the seismic state-space model can be described as a nonlinear system. The particle filter (PF) method, as an effective method for estimating the state of a nonlinear system, can be applied to deal with seismic random noise attenuation. However, PF suffers from sample impoverishment caused by resampling, which results in serious loss of valid seismic information and leads to inaccurate representation of the reflected signal. To address the impoverishment issue and to further improve the particle quality, we propose a novel method to suppress seismic random noise-the adaptive fission particle filter (AFPF). In AFPF, all the particles undergo a fission process and produce “offspring” particles to maintain particle diversity. To implement the adaptation and to monitor the degree of fission, we apply a fission factor, which takes into account weights that indicate the quality of the particles. This leads to significant improvements in the particle quality, i.e., the proportion of highly weighted particles is increased. The effective seismic information provided by the resulting particles reproduces the true signal more reliably, reducing the bias of PF. In addition, we establish a dynamic state-space model suitable for seismic signals. Experimental results on synthetic records and field data illustrate the superior performance of AFPF in noise attenuation and reflected signal preservation compared with the PF.