DocumentCode :
1762680
Title :
Virtual and Real World Adaptation for Pedestrian Detection
Author :
Vazquez, David ; Lopez, Antonio M. ; Marin, J. ; Ponsa, Daniel ; Geronimo, David
Author_Institution :
Centro de Vision Por Computador-Edificio O, Univ. Autonoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
Volume :
36
Issue :
4
fYear :
2014
fDate :
41730
Firstpage :
797
Lastpage :
809
Abstract :
Pedestrian detection is of paramount interest for many applications. Most promising detectors rely on discriminatively learnt classifiers, i.e., trained with annotated samples. However, the annotation step is a human intensive and subjective task worth to be minimized. By using virtual worlds we can automatically obtain precise and rich annotations. Thus, we face the question: can a pedestrian appearance model learnt in realistic virtual worlds work successfully for pedestrian detection in real-world images? Conducted experiments show that virtual-world based training can provide excellent testing accuracy in real world, but it can also suffer the data set shift problem as real-world based training does. Accordingly, we have designed a domain adaptation framework, V-AYLA, in which we have tested different techniques to collect a few pedestrian samples from the target domain (real world) and combine them with the many examples of the source domain (virtual world) in order to train a domain adapted pedestrian classifier that will operate in the target domain. V-AYLA reports the same detection accuracy than when training with many human-provided pedestrian annotations and testing with real-world images of the same domain. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work demonstrating adaptation of virtual and real worlds for developing an object detector.
Keywords :
image classification; learning (artificial intelligence); object detection; pedestrians; virtual reality; V-AYLA; adapted pedestrian classifier; domain adaptation framework; human-provided pedestrian annotations; object detector; pedestrian appearance model; pedestrian detection; pedestrian samples; real-world images; realistic virtual worlds; source domain; target domain; virtual-world based training; Accuracy; Cameras; Detectors; Image resolution; Interpolation; Testing; Training; Pedestrian detection; data set shift; domain adaptation; photo-realistic computer animation;
fLanguage :
English
Journal_Title :
Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, IEEE Transactions on
Publisher :
ieee
ISSN :
0162-8828
Type :
jour
DOI :
10.1109/TPAMI.2013.163
Filename :
6587038
Link To Document :
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