DocumentCode :
1763853
Title :
Quantum Cascade Laser-Based Sensing for Carbon Sequestration Leakage Monitoring
Author :
Escarra, Matthew D. ; Le, L.T. ; Urban, N.M. ; Oppenheimer, M. ; Gmachl, Claire F.
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Electr. Eng., Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ, USA
Volume :
13
Issue :
6
fYear :
2013
fDate :
41426
Firstpage :
2348
Lastpage :
2356
Abstract :
Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) may play a key role in our energy future. However, the widespread sequestration of CO2 into storage reservoirs is inhibited by safety and leakage concerns. Effective leakage monitoring at the surface is recently made possible by the development of quantum cascade (QC) laser-based sensors, which are capable of tracking fluxes in CO2 isotope concentrations. In this paper, we initially discuss the status of this technology, including recent results from distributed feedback QC lasers for use in sensing CO2 isotopic ratios. These lasers show single-mode emission at 4.32 μm, overlapping strong absorption resonances of 12CO2, 13CO2, and 18OCO. We then consider the value of such devices for quantifying CO2 leakage using a climate-economy integrated-assessment model that is modified to include CCS. The sensitivity of model outcomes to reservoir leakage is studied, showing that an average reservoir storage half-life on the order of 1000 years or longer can limit atmospheric temperature increases to 2°C or less over the next 150 years for economically optimal emissions scenarios. The present day economic value of CCS is established versus reservoir half-life, showing a significant return on investment ( ~ 2 trillion U.S.$, or ~ 4% of gross world product) when the average reservoir half-life is 250 years, with a sharp drop in the value of CCS technology for half-life values below 250 years. Quantifying CO2 leakage rates via QC laser-based sensing will contribute greatly toward accurately assessing CCS technology and its efficacy as part of CO2 limitation strategies.
Keywords :
carbon capture and storage; carbon compounds; chemical variables measurement; leak detection; measurement by laser beam; quantum cascade lasers; spectrochemical analysis; 12CO2; 13CO2; 18OCO; carbon capture and sequestration; carbon dioxide isotope concentration; carbon sequestration leakage monitoring; climate economy integrated assessment model; effective leakage monitoring; isotopic ratio; quantum cascade laser based sensing; single mode emission; wavelength 4.32 mum; Atmospheric measurements; Isotopes; Measurement by laser beam; Monitoring; Quantum cascade lasers; Reservoirs; Sensors; Environmental economics; laser applications; quantum cascade lasers; trace gas sensing;
fLanguage :
English
Journal_Title :
Sensors Journal, IEEE
Publisher :
ieee
ISSN :
1530-437X
Type :
jour
DOI :
10.1109/JSEN.2013.2253731
Filename :
6482580
Link To Document :
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