Effect of manganese doping on optical and magnetic properties of titanium dioxide nanostructures prepared by hydrothermal technique in the presence of thiourea

Manganese (Mn)-doped titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanostructures were synthesised by hydrothermal reaction of TiO₂ and Mn acetate with ethylenediamine and thiourea. The prepared samples were characterised by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Characterisation of samples confirmed the formation of pure and crystalline nanostructures. Photoluminescence spectroscopy was carried out to study the optical properties of the pure and Mn-doped TiO₂ nanostructures. A vibrating sample magnetometer was used to study the magnetic properties of the prepared Mn-doped TiO₂ nanostructures.