Title :
Chip-on-mud: Ultra-low power ARM-based oceanic sensing system powered by small-scale benthic microbial fuel cells
Author :
Gyouho Kim ; Wolfe, Adriane ; Bell, R. ; Suyoung Bang ; Yoonmyung Lee ; Inhee Lee ; Yejoong Kim ; Hsu, L. ; Kagan, Jeff ; Arias-Thode, Meriah ; Chadwick, Bart ; Sylvester, Dennis ; Blaauw, D.
Author_Institution :
Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Abstract :
An ARM-based sensing platform powered entirely by small-scale benthic microbial fuel cells (MFCs) for oceanic sensing applications is presented. The ultra-low power chip featuring an ARM Cortex-M0 processor, 3kB of SRAM, and power management unit (PMU) with energy harvesting from MFCs is designed to consume 11nW in sleep mode for perpetual sensing operation. A small-scale micro-MFC with 21.3cm2 anode surface area was connected to the on-chip PMU to charge a thin film battery of 1mAh capacity. A 49.3-hour long-term experiment with 8-min sleep interval and 1 sec wake-up time demonstrated the sustainability of chip-on-mud concept. During sleep mode, the system charges the 4V battery at 380nA from the micro-MFC generating 5.4μW of power, which can support up to 20mA of active mode current.
Keywords :
SRAM chips; electrochemical electrodes; energy harvesting; energy management systems; low-power electronics; microbial fuel cells; microprocessor chips; microsensors; oceanographic equipment; oceanographic techniques; secondary cells; thin film sensors; ARM Cortex-M0 processor; MFC; PMU; SRAM; anode surface area; chip-on-mud concept; current 380 nA; energy harvesting; power 11 nW; power 5.4 muW; power management unit; small-scale benthic microbial fuel cell; storage capacity 3 Kbit; thin film battery; time 1 s; time 49.3 h; time 8 min; ultralow power ARM-based oceanic sensing system; voltage 4 V; Anodes; Batteries; Fuel cells; Phasor measurement units; Random access memory; Sensors; Sleep;
Conference_Titel :
Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), 2014 IEEE International Symposium on
Conference_Location :
Melbourne VIC
Print_ISBN :
978-1-4799-3431-7
DOI :
10.1109/ISCAS.2014.6865552
