Load model of electric vehicles chargers for load flow and unbalance studies

The majority of electric vehicles are equipment with single phase onboard chargers. To estimate the impact of an increasing number of electric vehicles on the unbalance, efficient simulation models have to be developed. Therefore the charging cycles of more than ten plug-in electrical cars were measured under laboratory conditions and in the grid. The first part of the paper describes the test stand, which was used for the lab measurements. Following the results of the measurements are summarized as basis for the development of the load model. The single phase load model considers different charging cycle characteristics as well as the impact of supply voltage magnitude and manual reduction of charging current on active and reactive power. Finally the performance of the model is verified by grid measurement.