Game model and algorithm for electric vehicle aggregations in pool market and retail market

Electric vehicle (EV) Aggregation, as a decentralized optimization method, has been studied to decrease the scale of the charging algorithm. However, EV Aggregation will face with difficulties when optimizing its strategy since it is hard to predict other participants´ interactions in a complex market. We formulate a game theoretic framework designed for simulating EV Aggregations´ strategy in a competitive market. Then Game Theory and Analytic Hierarchy Process based decision model is proposed for EV Aggregation to draw a pricing strategy for the retail market and biding strategy for the pool market. The numerical analysis shows that the proposed pricing strategy is able to increase the Aggregation´s profit and the bidding strategy can decrease the cost. Moreover, the strategies formed separately in the competitive market can level the total load characteristic curve, achieving the main purpose of centralized optimization.