The Study of Safe Evacuation in the High-Rise Building

With the accelerating process of urbanization in China, the demand for high-rise buildings is on the rise. The resulting fire risk is also rising. The vast majority of major fire is within the high-rise buildings. However, there is a lack of paying attention to high-rise building evacuation. Therefore, it is necessary to analysis the influence factors of high-rise building evacuation and put forward to a set of high-rise building evacuation capability evaluation methods according to the characteristics of high-rise building. On the basis of general discussion of the safe evacuation, the influence factors of high-rise building evacuation are analyzed and three areas of evaluation factors are identified. Each factor is broken down into several points to constitute the evaluation system. Safety checklist and social investigation were selected to evaluate these three factors and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is selected to evaluate the whole system according to the characteristic of the factors and the purpose of evaluation. According to the status of the new main teaching building of Harbin University of Science and Technology, combined with the use of safety assessment methods, the construction factor and management factor were inspected and evaluated and human factor was investigated and assessed. The analytic hierarchy process is applied to determine the weight of each factor to the overall evaluation objectives as well as the weight of the internal factors to certain factors. Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation calculation followed and worked out the evacuation capability rank. The results show that the evacuation capability rank of the new main teaching building of HUST is "good", which is well satisfied the actual situation. This method has a certain reference value to the evacuation capacity evaluation of other high-rise building.