Design of synchronization preambles for LTE-Advanced D2D communications

In this paper, an efficient structure of device-to-device (D2D) synchronization preamble is proposed to meet the tightened time and frequency synchronization requirements for LTE-Advanced D2D communication. The proposed preamble structure is transmitting signals only at odd subcarriers, and not transmitting signals at the other subcarriers to minimize the effect of inter-carrier interference. According to the simulation results, the proposed preamble structure provides improved time offset estimation performance compared to the repeated primary synchronization signals without degrading frequency offset estimation performance.