On-Line Nonnegative Matrix Factorization for Music Signal Separation

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is widely used in audio source analysis and audio signal separation systems. However, conventional NMF algorithms cannot be used on-line because they process all available data at once. On-line NMF algorithms have been developed recently, but most of them cannot be applied to audio systems. In this paper, an on-line NMF algorithm, based on multiple normal equations and recursive solutions, is developed, and the developed algorithm is extended to more enhanced algorithm and more simplified algorithm. An on-line monaural ambient signal separation system is presented to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed algorithm.