Load-aware dynamic biasing cell association in small cell networks

Biasing cell association (BCA) is an effective and easy-to-implement load balancing technology in small cell networks (SCN). The existing studies are mainly respect to the static BCA strategy which is not appropriate for the non-uniform traffic distribution scenarios. In this paper, we address the problem of load balancing in SCN where the small cell base stations (SCBSs) are underlaid deployed within the macro cell base station (MBS) coverage. We design a dynamic BCA scheme for SCN where each BS aims to balancing its load. To be specific, the light-loaded BS tends to attract more users while the heavy-loaded BS tends to discharge the current users. Firstly, a quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization based algorithm is proposed towards the suboptimal solution for dynamic BCA. And then we put forward a distributed User-SCBS side BCA scheme. At last, simulation results highlight that the proposed dynamic BCA scheme can highly improve the system spectral efficiency and reduce the average delay.