Power controlled system revenue maximization in large-scale heterogeneous cellular networks

In the heterogeneous cellular network, each mobile station perceives different channel gains to different base stations. Therefore, it is important to associate a mobile station with the right base station with transmit power control so as to achieve substantial improvement in spectrum-efficiency and energy-efficiency. Despite its importance, the problem that maximizes the overall system revenue with minimum total transmit power consumption through joint BS association and power control has remained largely unsolved for the large-scale heterogeneous cellular network, mainly due to its non-convex and combinatorial nature. To solve this problem, this paper first proposes a single-stage formulation that captures two interactive objectives, i.e., the maximization of overall system revenue and the minimization of total transmit power consumption. The single-stage optimization problem is then efficiently solved by the proposed POSEM algorithm based on the theory of coalition formation game and the idea of simulated annealing. Finally, our analysis shows that the proposed algorithm is guaranteed to converge to the global optimal solution fast.