Severity analysis of Osteoarthritis of knee joint from X-ray images: A Literature review

Osteoarthritis (OA) is most commonly a result of aging cartilage. Particularly in rural India, the percentage of people affected due to OA is much larger as compared to western countries. The reason may be due to lack of medical facilities and awareness of physical or diet practices as per our study. This paper focuses mainly on various aspects of severity analysis done by using radiographic detection of OA. The automated detection of OA based on KL grades corresponding to severity stages has been proposed by few researchers and gives better results whose analysis is done in this paper. Automatic approach using distance-based Active Shape Models to calculate the geometric parameters between tibia and femur from an anterior-posterior knee radiograph is one of the important method explored by few researchers and has significant results. Local binary pattern used in many pattern recognition methods is also useful in OA analysis is finding of researchers. Classification of OA based on Gabor kernel and Contrast-Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) is also described in paper. This paper mainly focuses on all important issues related to feature extraction in OA and prime methodologies used by various researchers.