DCD: Distributed charging and discharging scheme for EVs in microgrids

The increasing number of electric vehicles (EVs) will have a significant impact on the demand response (DR) in smart grids (SGs). How to encourage EV users to voluntarily join vehicle-to-grid (V2G) market has been one of the significant challenges to SGs engineers and scientists. On the other hand, dealing with the randomness of renewable distributed energy resources (DERs) output is critical for microgrids to maintain their efficiency and reliability. In this work, a distributed charging and discharging scheduling scheme (DCD) for EVs in microgrids is proposed to provide electric vehicle (EV) users with energy cost reduction while promoting the integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) by reducing the negative impact of highly intermittent characteristics of RESs. The comparison results based on the real measured renewable energy and load data show that the proposed scheme enables EVs to become promisingly important contributors to microgrids.