Image mosaicing and real-time imaging with MEMS based handheld confocal microscope

In this paper, we demonstrated a handheld confocal fluorescence microscope using dual-axis confocal architecture with a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) scanner. The laser sources for the microscope are both in visible (660 nm) and near-infrared (778 nm) wavelengths. The microscope will be used for in vivo cervical cancer screening in real-time with human patients. The maximum imaging depth is over 300 μm into the tissue for epithelial cancer screening. The maximum field of view (FOV) is 550 μm × 500 μm with 14 frames/second.