DNA coding and central dogma based image encryption using vigenere cipher and chaos map

In this paper, a new image encryption algorithm which base on DNA coding and genetic central dogma, combined with 3-dimensional Vigenere cipher and chaos mapping is proposed. In the proposed scheme, every pixel in original image is represented by four nucleotide bases by carrying out DNA coding. An amino acid matrix is obtain by implementing transcript and translation according to central dogma after randomly eliminating a base from each pixel; substitute the amino acid matrix by using 3-dimensional Vigenere cipher and a new codon matrix is gotten; a semi-finished encrypted image appears after decoding the nucleotide base matrix which is composed by the new codon matrix and the eliminated bases mentioned above; finally the encrypted image is obtained by disturbing image pixels with Logistic chaotic sequence. The proposed algorithm has a large secret key space and strong secret key sensitivity, meanwhile it can effectively resist exhaustive attack and statistical attack. The simulation results show the perfect effect compared with some existing algorithms.