Title :
A 2.1-GHz monolithic frequency synthesizer with robust phase switching prescaler and loop capacitance scaling
Author :
Shu, Keliu ; Sanchez-Sinencio, Edgar ; Silva-Martinez, Jose
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Electr. Eng., Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX, USA
Abstract :
This paper presents the design of a 2.1-GHz fully integrated ΣΔ fractional-N frequency synthesizer in 0.35 μm CMOS technology. The improved low-voltage, low-power, inherently glitch-free phase switching prescaler is used in this work. With capacitance scaling, large capacitors in the loop filter can be integrated on chip within small area. With several different digital ΣΔ modulators designed on chip, optimal design of the digital ΣΔ modulator for the fractional-N synthesizer will be investigated experimentally. The supply voltage is 1.5 V for VCO and prescaler and 2-V for other blocks. The synthesizer dissipates 16 mW and has an area of 0.85 mm2 excluding pads.
Keywords :
CMOS digital integrated circuits; frequency synthesizers; low-power electronics; prescalers; sigma-delta modulation; ΣΔ fractional-N frequency synthesizer; 0.35 micron; 1.5 V; 16 mW; 2 V; 2.1 GHz; CMOS; loop capacitance scaling; low-power phase switching prescaler; robust phase switching prescaler; supply voltage; Bandwidth; CMOS technology; Capacitance; Filters; Frequency conversion; Frequency synthesizers; Phase locked loops; Phase noise; Robustness; Voltage-controlled oscillators;
Conference_Titel :
Circuits and Systems, 2002. ISCAS 2002. IEEE International Symposium on
Print_ISBN :
0-7803-7448-7
DOI :
10.1109/ISCAS.2002.1010576
