Framework for a Low-Cost Intra-Operative Image-Guided Neuronavigator Including Brain Shift Compensation

In this paper we present a methodology to address the problem of brain tissue deformation referred to as ´brain-shift´. This deformation occurs throughout a neurosurgery intervention and strongly alters the accuracy of the neuronavigation systems used to date in clinical routine which rely solely on pre-operative patient imaging to locate the surgical target, such as a tumour or a functional area. After a general description of the framework of our intra-operative image-guided system, we describe a procedure to generate patient specific finite element meshes of the brain and propose a biomechanical model which can take into account tissue deformations and surgical procedures that modify the brain structure, like tumour or tissue resection.