Beyond classical biometrics: When using hidden biometrics to identify individuals

The aim of this invited paper is to discuss some emerging biometric approaches that are currently under consideration. After presenting the state of the art, including some advanced techniques, the idea of using some specific medical data for the purpose of identifying individuals is considered. This type of biometrics is called hidden biometrics. Its main advantage is its robustness regarding any potential forgeries. For example, when dealing with brain Magnetic Resonance (MR) images as a biometric tool, no one can modify deliberately features of his own brain even if these features can change over the time in case of pathological individuals, or during the growth period (not considered in this study). In particular, a special interest is given to brain MRI and X-Ray based biometrics. Some examples using brain MRI images, Hand and Lung X-Ray are highlighted in this paper.