Approaches to energy management of hybrid electric vehicles: Experimental comparison

This paper reports the results of experimental comparison in a Land Rover Freelander2 HEV prototype vehicle, of two different energy management controllers. The first controller is a rule-based controller that was calibrated using optimal time trajectories obtained by application of a deterministic dynamic programming algorithm over the NEDC drive cycle. The second controller is Jaguar Land Rover´s (JLR) HEV controller which uses off-line computed maps based on application of the Game Theory (G.T.). The controllers were tested on a rolling road with the prototype vehicle over different drive cycles: NEDC, FTP75 and HYZEM Part2. The results demonstrate that over NEDC the G.T. controller, with a minimal calibration effort, provides as good performance as the rule-based controller (which was calibrated to replicate the dynamic programming solution over NEDC). It also demonstrate that the G.T. controller outperforms the rule-based controller over more real world focused driving cycles.