Improvements and refinements to the H.F. band body-radio coupling model

The effects of a nearby biological body on the efficiency and radiation patterns of a small hand-held radio operating in the HF band are determined by computer modeling. The paper represents a summary of the improvements and modifications made to the model in the period from the SSST´93 presentation (Cooper and Radcliff, 1993). The modifications include using a closed-form expression for the near fields of a center-fed finite-length dipole used to model the radio (Balanis, 1982), including the scattered field when determining the input impedance of the dipole (Nyquist et al., 1977), and adding a complex Gaussian quadrature numerical integration routine. The assumptions stated in the previous investigation are still employed in them present paper; due to the small electrical size of the dipole, the coupling effect between the dipole and body is negligible and subsequently disregarded. A moment method is used to solve a volumetric integral equation for the equivalent polarization currents in the biological body