Low-power programmable divider for multi-standard frequency synthesizers using reset and modulus signal generator

This paper proposes a low-power programmable divider for multi-standard frequency synthesizers using a reset and modulus control signal (RMS) generator. The use of RMS generator enables the adaptation of only one counter. This results in less power consumption and effective area. Our design also includes modified D flip-flop design. Proposed divider was designed and fabricated in a standard 0.18-mum CMOS technology Its divide ratio covers from 13 to 1278 at 3 GHz. The average power is 3.58 mW with 1.5 V power supply and effective area is 0.0408 mm².