The Influence of Telemanipulation-Systems on Fine Motor Performance

Extravehicular activities (EVAs) are a hazardous and expensive procedural method to operate in outer space. A possible support or alternative for manned missions in terms of on-orbit servicing are telemanipulation-systems. Whether or not such systems can actually achieve the efficiency of suited astronauts remains a central issue in telemanipulation research. Both scenarios, extravehicular activities as well as telemanipulation-systems, are restricted by different environmental factors, especially in terms of tasks that require fine motor skills. For suited astronauts, different factors, such as restricted mobility and reduced tactile feedback through the gloves, as well as a restricted field of view, impair fine motor skills. On the other hand, time delay, limited degrees of freedom and restricted haptic and visual feedback are amongst the factors, which may cause impairment of performance during the work with telemanipulation-systems. In order to compare the efficiency of both scenarios, a testbed equipped with typical mounting tasks was developed. An experimental study showed that the testbed is a valid measure of fine motor skills. In two follow-up studies, the influence of some factors debilitating fine motor performance in telemanipulation-systems and simulated extra-vehicular activities was analysed and compared.