Title :
Voltage-current characteristics of the electrotactile skin-electrode interface
Author :
Kaczmarek, Kurt A. ; Webster, John G.
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Wisconsin Univ., MA, USA
Abstract :
Experimental results showing that the static skin-electrode resistance decreases nonlinearly with increasing stimulation current during electric stimulation of the sense of touch are reported. A mathematical model that describes the electrotactile skin-electrode interface is presented. The voltage versus time response of an electrode stimulation with constant-current pulses is also modeled, and two possible explanations for this characteristic are provided
Keywords :
bioelectric phenomena; mechanoception; physiological models; skin; electric stimulation; electrotactile skin-electrode interface; mathematical model; static skin-electrode resistance; Belts; Ducts; Electric resistance; Electrodes; Immune system; Mathematical model; Prosthetics; Skin; Virtual manufacturing; Voltage;
Conference_Titel :
Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 1989. Images of the Twenty-First Century., Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in
Conference_Location :
Seattle, WA
DOI :
10.1109/IEMBS.1989.96322
