Recursive least-squares adaptive channel estimation for spatial modulation systems

In this paper, a recursive least-squares (RLS) adaptive channel estimation scheme is applied for spatial modulation (SM) system over a block fading multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) channel. The performance of spatial modulation with channel estimation is compared to vertical Bell Labs layered space-time (V-BLAST) and maximum ratio combining (MRC) transmission schemes for different pilot rates and a fixed 3-b/s/Hz spectral efficiency. Computer simulations carried out demonstrate the superiority of SM over V-BLAST and MRC schemes. In addition, the results in this study show that SM is more robust against channel estimation errors than the other MIMO schemes.