Conformal multiband antennas based on fractal concepts

In this paper, we have introduced two conformal antenna configurations based on the Sierpinski fractal geometry for multiband applications. The first of these is a two-layer Sierpinski patch antenna, while the second one is a grid configuration. Both of these designs have been extensively investigated to achieve improved matching characteristics and radiation patterns at all of the operating resonant frequencies. Desirable input impedance and radiation pattern characteristics have been successfully realized by using a combination of shorting vias and chokes that control the current flows on the radiating structure.