Multiple stopping criteria and high-precision EMD architecture implementation for Hilbert-Huang transform

In this work, a multiple stopping criteria and high-precision empirical mode decomposition (EMD) hardware architecture implementation is proposed for Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) in biomedical signal processing. The proposed architecture can support multiple stopping criteria including the constant criteria, the SD criteria and the ratio criteria. The 38-bit floating point precision is adopted in this work to support 10 IMF components with enough accuracy. The off-chip memory architecture is adopted to increase the processing capacity. By the pipelined cubic spline coefficient unit (PCSCU), the computation time can be reduced. The proposed EMD hardware architecture is implemented in TSMC 90 nm CMOS process with the core area of 4.47 mm² at the operating frequency of 40 MHz. The post-layout simulation result shows that our work with the constant criterion can speed up the performance 50.4 times compared to the software computation on a single core of ARM11 for 2K data size breathing signals.