Innovative improvements of the parabolic wave equation method for radiowave propagation modeling

In this paper, some new improvements of the parabolic wave equation method for radiowave propagation modeling are presented. Shadowing is introduced in propagation modeling above Gaussian rough surfaces, and forest cells are also considered for frequencies lower than 500 MHz. The results obtained have been validated with success by comparison to a Monte Carlo approach for the shadowing effects and to exact time domain methods for the propagation in the forest environment.