A new model for voltage output charge-pump phase frequency detector in resonant inverter tuning loops

Resonant inverters mostly employ tuning loops based on a phase-locked-loop (PLL) circuit. Some commercially available PLL chips, frequently used in this application, include a voltage output charge-pump phase frequency detector (CP/PFD) rather than well-known current output CP/PFD, which complicates the analysis of the loop. We present a new model for voltage output CP/PFD and an analysis of a tuning loop, which uses this model. The proposed model employs the resistance multiplication approach, which is applicable for the circuits containing periodically operated switches. It is shown that a voltage output CP/PFD in conjunction with a simple low-pass filter can be modeled using a DC voltage source, a phase error controlled resistor and a filter capacitor for positive phase error (θ) values. For negative θ values DC voltage source is shorted and the sign of the resistance is reversed. The theoretical study is verified by experimental results.