Drop to measure: A novel nanofluidic crystal sensing scheme with improved chip-to-chip data consistency for portable biochemical detection

We propose a novel “drop to measure” nanofluidic crystal sensing scheme with improved chip-to-chip data consistency here. Nanoparticles were self-assembled in a confined space guided by a well-designed surface chemistry treatment. The electrical readouts from different chips (n=5) varied within 4.8% (compared to 7.5% for 3 chips in the previous work). Biotin (using streptavidin -modified nanoparticles) and Pb²⁺ (using DNAzyme probed nanoparticles) were successfully detected by the present “drop to measure” nanofluidic crystal sensor with a limit of detection of 1 nM.