Two-way wide-angle parabolic equation method for modeling electromagnetic waves propagation in urban areas

In this paper, the wide-angle two-way parabolic Equation (PE) method is presented and applied for predicting both forward and backward electromagnetic waves propagation in urban environments. The buildings are assumed to be knife-edges or rectangular blocks with vertical sides and flat rooftops, and the terrain is assumed to be flat. The wide-angle Fourier split-step algorithm is iteratively implemented in a forward-backward manner to incorporate both forward and backward waves into the solution when there exists obstacles in the propagation environments. Numerical results of the two-way wide-angle PE method are compared with those of the two-way narrow-angle PE method and the one-way PE method for the urban scenario problems.