Joint economic dispatch, energy and reserve. Optimal seconds reserve determination in isolated systems

This paper presents a new methodology for the calculation of the joint economic dispatch of energy and the seconds spinning reserve (SSR) by considering the system´s dynamic response under various disturbances. This method not only allocates the power levels and the SSR among the generating units in an optimal way but also determines the optimal level required by the system. This nonlinear problem is solved here through an iterative linear procedure. PM is applied to systems with relatively small demand levels, in which, the outage of the larger generating units represents a significant percentage of the system demand