Spectrum analysis of fault-induced transients for the development of protection equipment

It is well known that faults on transmission systems produce transients which can be significantly affected by different system and fault conditions. Since the latter can have a significant bearing on protection relay performance, it is thus important to examine and analyze the fault transient phenomena in some detail. This paper presents a number of fault simulation studies on a teed circuit. The distorted voltage waveforms are then analyzed in terms of their frequency distribution within the spectra, with a view to providing a better understanding for the purposes of protection relay design