Impacts of high penetration of distributed and renewable resources on transmission and distribution systems

[Summary form only given]. Legitimate environmental concerns, government policies and pure economics are expected to significantly enhance renewable generation levels in North America in the immediate future. The majority of this increase will be wind and solar generation, both of which vary in their electrical output as the availability of the underlying fuel (wind and sunlight) varies. At high volumes, variable generation can adversely impact the reliability of the bulk power system if provisions are not made to accommodate the additional variability and uncertainty associated with such resources. As such, in December 2007, NERC created the Integration of Variable Generation Task Force (IVGTF) to prepare a report to identify technical considerations associated with integrating large volumes of variable generation and specific policies, practices, mitigation measures, and requirements needed to ensure bulk system reliability (http://www.nerc.com/docs/pc/ivgtf/IVGTF_Report_041609.pdf). This presentation broadly presents the work of this task force.