Advanced insulin infusion using a control loop (ADICOL) concept and realization of a control-loop application for the automated delivery of insulin

Within the ADICOL research project, we have developed a control-loop application for the automated delivery of insulin. The concept is unique in several aspects: a) Modularity: the ADICOL system consists of three elements, insulin pump, glucose monitor and expert-system, which all run as stand alone devices with the patient, but can be interconnected to form a body network. b) Subcutaneous Application: Both, glucose monitor and insulin delivery use the subcutaneous route to the body. c) Insulin Pump: The insulin infusion mimics a natural pancreas by employing a delivery interval of 3 minutes. d) Expert System: The expert system is running two different algorithms in a hand-held computer, taking advantage of the high-resolution insulin delivery. e) Algorithm: The Model-Predictive Algorithm is based on a feedback optimization of the insulin infusion rate and physiological parameters of the patient. f) Glucose Monitor: Our glucose monitor is based on the open-flow microperfusion sampling technique and employs amperometric glucose biosensors. g) Body Network: The interconnection of the 3 elements to form a control-loop system (or automated pancreas) is achieved by modern wireless technology. Various clinical tests have been undertaken to assess the performance of subsets, results will be shown. We present the overall set-up and its performance, and show latest results from various clinical human trials performed at the Universities of Graz, Austria and Perugia, Italy.