Least squares based estimation of synchronous generator states and parameters with phasor measurement units

This paper investigates the estimation of synchronous generator states and parameters related to angular stability using PMU data. The method proposed in this paper uses finite difference technique and least squares method to evaluate differential equations governing the synchronous machine using a time window of PMU measurements. Sensitivity studies have been carried out to evaluate the impact of system strength, transmission line length, machine controls (exciter and governor) and local load on estimation accuracy. The simulation studies demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method in dynamic states and parameters estimation.