Interwoven loops for electromagnetic architecture of buildings

The unit-cell size needed for operation at a given frequency can be reduced dramatically by using highly convoluted and interwoven elements. The dual-polarized designs presented here are based on convoluted loops. The geometry of the convoluted square loop provides a further degree of flexibility in wideband design, enabling adjacent elements to be interwoven. Here, interweaving decreased the resonant frequency by over 50% and increased the -10 dB passband width by over 60%. All this characteristics are of particular interest to applications such as the control of electromagnetic propagation in buildings.